The Muslim Culture Within Modern Western Society - 2342 Words

It is easy to shape our understanding concerning Muslim culture within modern Western society based on what the media exhibits to others. This ongoing fight for equality has derived from media, throughout historical events. Terrorist attacks; most famously 911 have created further inequality within Muslim culture. The media is partially to blame for this phenomenon as bias and misinformation is misused to sway public opinion. While these attacks were malicious and catastrophic, Muslim culture itself should not take the blame for the wrong doing of a certain few. That being said, racism and discrimination began well before the terrorist attacks, and will also be assessed. Although racism and discrimination are not exclusive to Muslims, this is an issue that needs to be addressed as extreme matters as, â€Å"Muslim Americans continue comprising one of the disadvantaged minority groups in the USA† (Zainiddinov, 2016, p. 2718). This fuels the segregation of Western and Muslim cult ure, as Muslims view Western as Muslim hating and discriminating. Modern Western culture has wrongfully depicted Muslims for many decades and although this cannot be reversed, few strategies have been offered to improve their safety and overall wellbeing. To begin, understanding the underlying cause of the negative depiction of Muslims it is important to understand the history of discrimination. Beginning before the terrorist attack of 911, this prejudice began due to Western society’sShow MoreRelatedIslamic Modernism : A Multiple Modernities Perspective1611 Words   |  7 Pagesfrom traditional societies to modern ones. It is developed by the founders of sociology and has dominated the prevalent understanding and explanations of many social differentiation processes including differentiation, rationalization, individualization, urbanization, and secularization for a long time. Hence, sociologists believed that the consequences of modernization were unavoidable and common de stinations for modern or all modernizing societies. Sociologist also expected western modernity willRead MoreWestern Civilization Roger Scruton Summary1410 Words   |  6 Pagesquestion â€Å"What is exactly Western civilization, and what holds it together?†. He uses his answer to help explain the cultural, political, and social struggle between the internal worlds of Western civilization and Islamic civilization. Scruton’s The West and the Rest: Globalization and the Terrorist Threat gives context, proof, and commentary on the continuities and discontinuities between Western and Islamic principles to emphasize the need for renewal of the distinct Western culture. Scruton begins hisRead MoreContemporary Issue in Eastern Religions1627 Words   |  7 Pagesfrom different types of races, nationalities and cultures across the globe, ranging from the southern Philippines to Nigeria they are united by their common Islamic faith. A small group live in the Arab the world and the world s largest Muslim community is in Indonesia, where substantial parts of Asia and most of Africa are Muslim, while significant minorities are to be found in the Soviet Union, China, North and South America, and Europe Muslims believe in One, Unique, Incomparable God. AlsoRead MoreMuslims believe that God is the one and only and the reason of their existence as stated in the1400 Words   |  6 PagesMuslims believe that God is the one and only and the reason of their existence as stated in the Qu’ran. Muslims believe that God or as know in Islam, Allah created everything. Allah is the reason of existence of everything in the universe and the purpose of being. The purpose of an Islam is to worship Allah, to love and be selfless with others. (islamicsupremecoucil.com) All people are created equal and there is no one better than another no matter their race, religions and nationality. No matterRead MoreIslamic Reform Movements Essay1531 Words   |  7 Pagesmovements is the rejection of the western idea of nation-state and the principle of separation between the church and state. All Islamic reform movements seek to change Islam and society on the basis of a return to a strict adherence to the Quran and the Hadiths. To reform Islam and society, reform movements advocate the taking of political power in order to command that which is proper and forbid that which is reprehensible. In brief, this means that life and societies have to be governed by the ShariaRead MoreA Summary Of The Clash Of Civilization1608 Words   |  7 Pagestheories both established in the same era refer to issues within economies like the Women in the Middle World. Clash of Civilization The Clash of Civilizations is a theory or hypothesis that came about after the Cold War. A scientist by the name of Huntington P. Samuel wrote a book and article called The Clash of Civilization; And the Remaking of World Order, stating the world would be divided not along political laws but cultural clashes within civilizations. Listening to the Charlie Rose interviewRead MoreComparing Sayyid Qutb And Zaynab Al Ghazali1616 Words   |  7 Pagesand contrasting the different ideologies of Sayyid Qutb and Zaynab al-Ghazali, there is a strong fundamental sense for both in the role of Islam in constructing an ideal society; that Islam in one’s daily life contains everything that a person or a society might lack. So too do these thinkers hold a strong parallel between western modernity and the Jahiliya. Where Qutb and al-Ghazali differ comes from their conceptual differences, particularly in regards to gender and governing. A strong sense ofRead MoreCanadian Multiculturalism Act And The Canadian Charter Of Rights1463 Words   |  6 PagesMulticulturalism has always been perceived as one of the integral components of Canadian Culture . Under the Canadian Multiculturalism Act, Canadian citizens are free to exercise their religious and cultural practices . However, niqab ban takes effect in some public aspects of Canada . Supporters of the ban believes that wearing niqab is not a part of the Canadian Culture and should be banned in order to free Muslim Women from oppression . Niqab ban, however, infringes on the religious and cultural freedomRead MoreThe Rise Of Islamic Civilization872 Words   |  4 Pagesitself, but its larger role in today’s society. Islam has not only impacted culture of the past, but western civilization today, it shows similarities and differences to the Christian faith, and has also been perceived harshly in light of the current events around the world. First off, what is Islam? Islam is not just a religion, but it is also a civilization. However, â€Å"the rise of Islamic civilization is a story of faith and confrontation amidst societies in political and cultural transition† (RogersRead MoreThe Internal Debates Between Muslim Scholars Essay1602 Words   |  7 Pagesdebates between Muslim scholars, both inside and outside the Islamic World, regarding Islam and its compatibility with democracy. Are Islam and democracy compatible? Support for democracy is just as frequent as resistance in these developing nations with both sides pitching adequate arguments but in all traditions there are intellectual and ideological resources that can provide justification for an absolute monarchy or for democracy. Many argue that Islam has all the ingredients of modern state and society

Impact of consequences of globalization on consumers Free Essay Example, 2250 words

Impacts of Globalization on Consumers Introduction Globalization is the integrative interaction among political, social and economic institutions around the world. Since time immemorial, human beings have crossed economic, social and political boundaries in interactive undertakings. In the Middle Age, the famous Silk Road facilitated interaction between institutions in Europe and Asia. Prior to the outbreak of World War 1, water transportation had solidified globalized interactions among people in Africa, Europe, America and Asia. Currently, globalization has reached an unprecedented rate. Modern advancement in technology and political policies has spurred expansive movement of people and information across national borders. Currently, increased migration of people has turned the world into a global village. In addition, transfer of information in an economic and timely manner through communication technologies has promoted cross-border interactions (Hassan & Michael, 2014). In an e ffort to describe the current rate of globalization, scholars agree that today, human interactions across borders are not only faster and cheaper, but also farther and deeper. As insinuated earlier, globalization impacts all the social, economic and political aspects of life. Within an economical context, international trade and investments have promoted effective transfer of goods and services across national and regional borders. We will write a custom essay sample on Impact of consequences of globalization on consumers or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now Politically, governments have legislated policies that facilitate cheaper, faster and deeper movement of goods and services across borders. The social aspect of global acculturation has leveled social barriers of language and transformed the world into an interacting community (Pauline & Parsons, 2009). Globalization of commerce today entails changes in the marketing and production aspects of business. In production, companies are no longer restricted by national barriers in sourcing means of production, specifically raw materials and labor services. On the other hand, the increased decline in social, political and economic barriers has eased the selling of products and services to consumers around the globe. Technically, globalization of marketing and production aspects of business has yielded consequences that substantially impact business stakeholders, especially consumers (Pauline & Parsons, 2009). Consumers in Globalized Markets In the context of marketing, globalization has effects on the manner in which consumers behave. Primarily, consumers refer to persons or organizations involved in the purchase of goods and services offered in the global markets.

Philanthropy Essay - 864 Words

Philanthropy, or the act of private and voluntary giving, has been a familiar term since it first entered the English language in the seventeenth century. Translated from the Latin term â€Å"philanthropia† or â€Å"love of mankind,† philanthropy permeates many social spheres and serves several social purposes including charity, humanitarianism, religious morality and even manipulation for social control. Peter Kropotkin, a nineteenth century evolutionary theorist, proposed that philanthropic behaviors aided development of civilization and survival of the human race. However, it seems the idea of unselfish giving was a conflicted concept in early East Asian religious thought. For instance, Confucius said altruism was an important personal virtue.†¦show more content†¦For example, Deuteronomy 14:22 states: â€Å"For the poor shall never cease out of the land; therefore I command thee, saying, Thou shalt open thine hand wide unto thy brother, to thy poor, and to thy needy, in thy land.† During the oppression of the Jews in Russia around 1885, the Baron de Hirsch Fund assisted emigration as a philanthropic act to reduce acts of persecution. As the Jews considered themselves children of God, being charitable to each other was a primary principal in daily life as well as in the synagogue. Jews also faced many persecutions throughout history, so the practice of philanthropy created cohesion within the group. The Hebrew forms of philanthropy influenced Christianity’s concepts of the practice. Christians believed that fulfilling charitable demands in this life would bring rewards in the afterlife and that giving in this life also brought one spiritually closer to God. Expressing Christian love included committing one’s goods and services to those in need, as exemplified by Jesus Christ. As Christianity expanded and divided, philanthropic efforts changed due to the combination of traditional values with new social, economic, political and religious attitudes. One fundamental change was the Protestant rejection of the idea that charity led to salvation and that instead salvation could be achieved through faith. However, the Catholic Church continued to practiceShow MoreRelatedCulture of Philanthropy Essay1093 Words   |  5 Pages In today’s society, we are blessed with various forms of philanthropy and different ways to achieve this philanthropic culture. When many people think of the term philanthropy, they immediately think of donating money to charities and other non-profit organizations. That is not necessarily the case because an individual can do philanthropy in a variety of different ways. For instance, they can do anything from taking part in or making an organization for the less fortunate. They can even participateRead MoreThe Psychological Effect Of Philanthropy And Psychology1658 Words   |  7 PagesJust as philanthropy has great societal effects, it also has many psychological effects. When people decide to donate, they are bestowing on themselves an innumerable number of intangible costs, â€Å"one of these costs is the psychological implication is giving.†(Bekkers Wiepking, 2010). Giving not only contributes to the way others see one but also to the way one sees himself, this c ontributes to â€Å"one’s self image as an altruistic, empathetic, social responsible, agreeable, or influential person†Read MoreStrategic Analysis : Strategic Marketing Philanthropy1589 Words   |  7 Pages Strategic marketing philanthropy emerged during the 1980s to support organizations in the USA as a method of management and marketing practice to support social responsibilities. Using strategic philanthropy can be used to incorporate organizational and social needs together. Creating a strategic method to increase client generation through philanthropy can provide value to the company. Developing a fundamental recognition of what the community that is being targeted needs is the first stepRead MoreHow Philanthropy Is Morally Acceptable For Organizations Essay1792 Words   |  8 PagesPhilanthropy is the desire of people, on their own accord, to promote a charity either by giving their time, money, or talent. Philanthropy fills a big gap that the government either can’t or won’t provide. However, does this necessity come with responsibilities? Is it mandatory for us to be active in philanthropy and if it is, what type of charities is morally acceptable for donors to give money? Or to Sandel’s points in What Money Can’t Buy, will bringing money into the situation have more negativeRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility : Corporate Philanthropy2513 Words   |  11 PagesSocial Responsibility (CSR): Corporate Philanthropy Why some firms are more committed to corporate philanthropy than others? 1. Introduction Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a topic under spotlight in recent years, firms become more committed to involve in corporate philanthropy by giving away gifts or monetary contributions to social and charitable causes. However, different firms tend to have a different level of commitment towards corporate philanthropy, which means that some firms are moreRead MoreJessica Avalos Avalos 1. Professor1114 Words   |  5 Pageshow acts of philanthropy by the wealth are being viewed. In â€Å"The Gospels of Wealth† Andrew Carnegie describes the duties and responsibilities of the new self-made rich upper class to improve the life of their workers. Andrew felt that with wealth came duties of philanthropy to guide their workers in the direction of success because they were unable to without such guidance. However, in â€Å"A Working Man’s Prayer† a worker sarcastically thanks Andrew Carnegie for his acts of philanthropy stating thatRead MoreThe History of Nonprof it Organizations in America Essay1364 Words   |  6 Pages(Robbins 2006). It was expected that they participate in almsgiving for the poor, widows, and orphans. The Roman Empire contributed to our modern view of philanthropy, also. They had a sense of obligation to civilization to formalize and regulate philanthropy (Robbins 2006, p.17) Christianity has also greatly influenced the motives of philanthropy worldwide by encouraging the practice of self-sacrifice for the good of others in need. The basic foundation of America’s current social welfare systemRead MoreEssay on Human Observation Project2534 Words   |  11 Pagespolitical or economic gain; here, the donation is the prosocial action and the altruism is what motivates the doer to action. II. Theory: Society teaches that a good person is helpful of others, this is where the procicial behavior, altruism, philanthropy and egoism and mutual benefit get very well separate although they are very similar. More males are whiling to help a good looking single woman that drops her keys than women are. Even little boys are more prone to help the subject mentioned aboveRead MoreShould Welfare Be More Charity Impact On Homeless, Hungry, And Many1686 Words   |  7 Pageson potential receivers of charity money. Others feel that charities should not exist due to the fact of there being so many fraudulent philanthropic groups existing only to receive donations for a terrific cause and pocket all of the money, but philanthropy is just like any other industry; there are both great and terrible organizations and companies. Charity Watch has created a charity â€Å"Hall of Shame† to expose those corrupt charity programs (Borochoff, 2016). The â€Å"Hall of Shame† is what there should Read MoreEssay on The Evil of Capitalism1061 Words   |  5 Pagesarts to medical research. In 1992, Amoco decided to focus philanthropy in just two areas, education and inner cities. American business executives have increasingly embraced this concept, often called strategic philanthropy. Strategic philanthropy simply involves ongoing consideration of how corporate giving ties into the firms need to attract good employees, enthusiastic investors, and loyal customers. As long as corporate philanthropy has a business interest, companies have a legitimate role

Figurative Language Free Essays

Stephany Vielman March 12, 2013 Prophets and Figurative Language Jeremiah was a prophet called upon by God at a very young age to do His work. Jeremiah spoke against those who disobeyed God and spoke on the consequences of sin. He had a very hard job of trying to get the people of God to obey Him once again and to get them to stop sinning against Him. We will write a custom essay sample on Figurative Language or any similar topic only for you Order Now Jeremiah used figurative language to tell stories and to explain to the people what was going to happen if they continued to sin. What is the difference between a figurative and a literal analogy? iframe class="wp-embedded-content" sandbox="allow-scripts" security="restricted" style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);" src="https://phdessay.com/difference-figurative-literal-analogy/embed/#?secret=ulcymdvKSx" data-secret="ulcymdvKSx" width="500" height="282" title="#8220;What is the difference between a figurative and a literal analogy?#8221; #8212; Free Essays - PhDessay.com" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no"/iframe The natural imagery that Jeremiah uses can be seen as useful in getting his point across to the disobedient people because he used it to paint a scary picture of how God would devour the people, but he was also able to paint a peaceful picture of how he was like a lamb; all while using things that were relevant and ordinary to them so that it made sense to them. In Jeremiah 5:14 we see nature being used figuratively as a force of destruction, â€Å"Because they have spoken this word, I am now making my words in your mouth a fire, and this people wood, and the fire shall devour them. † God is very explicit here and you have no doubt in what he wants to do to the people. He uses very simple forces of nature that are relevant and known to the people. You know that God is upset because he uses the word â€Å"devour,† where as He could have used â€Å"burn,† but the word itself shows the force He is willing to strike with. Fire† and â€Å"wood† are elements that are known and when put together we know what happens, so it was useful to put these together so that the people can see how great God is. The â€Å"fire† is not even God’s own actions, but His words put into Jeremiah’s mouth, so it leaves you to imagine and wonder what would happen if it was coming straight from God, without an interm ediate. The book of Jeremiah is filled with terrifying figurative language of destruction and death so it is hard to find a positive example of natural imagery. In Jeremiah 11:19, Jeremiah compares himself to a lamb and a tree with fruit, which is a very nice choice for natural imagery, but what is said to be done against the lamb is terrifying, â€Å"But I was a gentle lamb led to the slaughter, And I did not know it was against me that the devised schemes, saying, ‘Let us destroy the tree with fruit, let us cut him off from the land of the living, so that his name will no longer be remembered! ’† The choice of the lamb is positive because lambs re little, cute, and pure, and do no harm. Lambs are led by shepherds, but as we know, they are also killed for food or for sacrifice. In this case the lamb is led to be slaughtered, but just with the purpose of evil. Jeremiah is to be seen as obedient, pure, and holy since he obeys and follows God in every way possible, but the people of tired of him so they plan to kill him. He is also compared to a tree with fruit because he has a lot to offer to the people, such as life. The imagery usage of â€Å"with fruit† is important because it shows the tree serves with purpose, just like Jeremiah. It also shows that that tree is alive and in good soil, and instead of its fruit be eaten, the people will cut it off. Jeremiah’s job was already difficult as it was and it was necessary for him to use figurative language as a prophetic tool to get his message across to the people. I see it as effective because some people need to hear and see things in a different perspective that includes images of things that are relevant to them. The people would have listened less if Jeremiah would have spoken in prophetic language. The usage of nature is also very effective because it was a part of everyday life for them – fire, wind, trees, lambs, etc. There could be possible dangers involving imagery, such as someone not understand the concept because they were thrown off by the comparison or being distracted by it as well, but Jeremiah used it well. How to cite Figurative Language, Papers

Its all in the mind Essay Example For Students

Its all in the mind Essay I will always remember the bright spring day when Nichola began working in this sweatshop with its heavy iron doors and its blacked out barred windows. The first time I spoke to her I realised she was beautiful from head to toe in appearance and in nature. Our first encounter was cut short by the deafening sound of the production line. Clangs, bangs, vibrations and grindings I never knew there was so much work involved in producing the body of a Ford Escort. From this time onwards I knew she was unlike any person I had ever met before. I had a feeling that this was going to become a steadfast friendship from when we had our first conversation in the canteen. Our conversation began when I jokingly commented on her large appetite. For someone so chatty she showed obvious signs of shyness. This became apparent in the shower room, where she insisted on waiting to use one of the individual showers rather than the communal ones. Over the next fortnight our conversations became more frequent and it was becoming clear that there was something special about her. It was not her soft Norfolk accent which was rarely heard in this region her unblemished skin or her unflawed hair style. it was something much more subtle and underlying. Nichola and myself soon found ourselves counting down the days until Wednesday evening when we would talk and laugh over a drink. Most of the workers, male and female, had noticed her immense individuality and were all keen to spend their free leisure time with her. Despite her immeasurable popularity she still seemed to shy away and play her popularity down. This modesty only magnetised new friendships and interests. Another main reason for her popularity was her willingness to undertake work of any kind even if it was hardy and heavy, even helping others with their work in the process. In fact Nichola seemed to relish hard physical work. I sometimes wondered where she got her immense strength from. Time in the dirty distracting factory environment seemed to pass much more quickly now I had found my much envied friendship with her. In our many conversations it puzzled me how the topic of her family never seemed to arise. As our friendship blossomed, shopping excursions on a Saturday became much more frequent and also more monotonous due to the fact Nichola would only shop where there were individual fitting rooms. One of her most endearing qualities was an obvious appreciation of mine and the other girls friendship. It was as though she had sadly never had any real friends before, although this seemed unlikely as her kind nature always attracted attention. She was more relaxed out of the work place with just a small group of people and on our evenings out, Nichola was always the loudest and keenest to have fun, almost as though she felt the friendship could have ended at any given moment. Her amazing character never ceased to attract attention from men, but she chose to shun them and shy away from too much involvement or contact with them. One autumnal October morning at precisely 9:00am the production line began. We had been working for 15 minutes when there was a piercing, unforgettable scream one of the machines had fallen on top of one of the other women. Everyone began to panic, except for shy Nichola who suddenly took charge. She sent someone for the ambulance and she single handedly pushed the machine from on top of the women whilst the other workers watched in ore. The men returned with a jack to lift the machine, only to be greeted by the cheers for Nichola, who had saved someones life. .u9d5c9feccb9029da9219e456af186cff , .u9d5c9feccb9029da9219e456af186cff .postImageUrl , .u9d5c9feccb9029da9219e456af186cff .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u9d5c9feccb9029da9219e456af186cff , .u9d5c9feccb9029da9219e456af186cff:hover , .u9d5c9feccb9029da9219e456af186cff:visited , .u9d5c9feccb9029da9219e456af186cff:active { border:0!important; } .u9d5c9feccb9029da9219e456af186cff .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u9d5c9feccb9029da9219e456af186cff { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u9d5c9feccb9029da9219e456af186cff:active , .u9d5c9feccb9029da9219e456af186cff:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u9d5c9feccb9029da9219e456af186cff .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u9d5c9feccb9029da9219e456af186cff .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u9d5c9feccb9029da9219e456af186cff .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u9d5c9feccb9029da9219e456af186cff .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u9d5c9feccb9029da9219e456af186cff:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u9d5c9feccb9029da9219e456af186cff .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u9d5c9feccb9029da9219e456af186cff .u9d5c9feccb9029da9219e456af186cff-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u9d5c9feccb9029da9219e456af186cff:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Order to explore the poets EssayShe was shaken but still insisted on travelling to the hospital with the women and myself, as it was felt I may have been required as I witness to the accident. Once at the hospital she became agitated and nervous and it seemed she was trying to avoid contact with a certain young doctor who appeared to know her. When I tried to talk to her about him, I experienced a side of Nichola I had never seen before. She became angry and irate until she seemed to tire at which time she began sobbing uncontrollably. Instantly the young male doctor lead us to a private room. He encouraged Nichola to tell me, of what I was unsure, so I sat patiently and puzzled until she seemed ready to speak. I took hold of her hand and tried to reassure her, although this was difficult as I had come to my own conclusion of her shyness and upset. She blurted out I was born with a male body but I am a woman, a woman. Its not how I look its all in the mind. As I held her in my arms she told me how she hated the coarseness of male skin and how she hated the harshness of male features. She explained that the young doctor was the psychiatrist who helped her though the mental torment prior to the operation and he helped her to rehabilitate herself in her new body afterwards. All of the small but strange occurrences fitted in, her immense strength, her rough hands, the way she would shun men. She hated attention, and most of all her shyness. Although she became a hero for saving a womens life, in the process she destroyed her own, feeling the need to move away again. We never kept in touch as she wanted a new start, but I have certainly learnt that appearance is not always reality.

The variations in handwriting that lead to individual characteristics

Handwriting identification relies on the principle that there are individual characteristics that distinguish a person’s handwriting from that of another person. There are no two people in the world, who have the same handwriting just like fingerprints. Handwriting identification is based on the following concepts.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The variations in handwriting that lead to individual characteristics specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More One, there are no two people who have the same writing manner. Two although a person’s handwriting varies, there is habitual features that appear in his or her handwriting and lastly the characteristics that are used to identify each persons’ handwriting vary to a lesser extent than the same characteristics in samples written by other people (Saferstein, 2010). The differences in handwritings have made handwriting identification important in the mod ern world. Handwriting identification is a comparison study that tries to establish the writing in question was done by a specific person through comparison with other texts or samples. In handwriting identification the aspect of variation in handwriting that are considered include; size of the letters, consistency or lack of it while writing, proximity of the letters to the base line, pressure applied while writing, alignment, and the writing instrument used (Mansikki, 2003). How a forensic document examiner analyzes evidence from a photocopier, fax machine, printer, and typewriter The application of various sciences in law is referred to as forensic science. Forensic document examination is the application of allied sciences and analytical techniques to investigate documents. The examination of documents involves analysis and comparison of photocopies, handwriting, typewriting, printing, inks, and other materials in order to establish originality of the materials and detect any al terations. Forensic document examiners may be asked to determine the machine or equipment that was use to produce a document. They may also be asked to establish the specific printer, photocopier, fax, or typewriter that was used to make the document. When examining documents written by a typewriter an examiner tries to look at several things. One, different typewriters are known to cut letters differently. The examiner may also look at the date on the paper and see if it is consistent with the age of the ribbon used in the typewriter. Faxed documents are reduced slightly in size and the line quality is bad. In older models, the faxed document diagonal lines have jagged edges. When a forensic document examiner is investigating these documents, it is important to look at the original document to make comparisons and detect any alterations made. It is also important to look at the TTI (Transmit Terminal Identification) and the RTI (Receiving Terminal Identifier) to see if the document that are in question are authentic (Koppenhaver, 2007).Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Photocopiers leaves trash marks on the copies made. These trash marks are caused by nicks on the drum and dirt on the glass. A forensic document examiner will seek to see if the trash marks on the paper will be consistent with the ones made on the sample he is trying to seek authenticity. Because of slippage when the paper goes through the photocopier the location of the marks may vary slightly but the marks from each page will align properly (Koppenhaver, 2007). Color printers and photocopiers work by applying multi color and ink on to a paper or any other supporting medium. Many of these machines will form a repeated sequence of inconspicuous yellow dots on the entire surface of the paper or document. These yellow dots are inconspicuous to the eye, but can be seen in the non-printed part of the document when shone with ultraviolet light. Where the relationship and location of the dot relative to the next indicates the serial number of the machine and the date and time the document or paper was made. Forensic document examiners look at these characteristics to make their conclusion about the machine and authenticity of the document (Koppenhaver, 2007). References Huber, R. A. Headrick, A. M. (1999). Handwriting identification: facts and fundamentals. Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC Press Koppenhaver, K. (2007). Forensic document examination: principles and practice. Totowa, N.J.: Humana Press. Mansikki, P. (2003). Handwriting Identification. Web. Saferstein, R. (2010). Criminalistics: An Introduction to Forensic Science. 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How To Use Exclamations and Exclamation Marks in Spanish

How To Use Exclamations and Exclamation Marks in Spanish As in English, an exclamation or exclamatory sentence in Spanish is a forceful utterance that can range from a single word to almost any sentence that is given extra emphasis, either by using a loud or urgent voice, or in writing by adding exclamation points. Types of Exclamations in Spanish However, in Spanish, it is very common for exclamations to take particular forms, the most common of which is starting with the exclamatory adjective or adverb quà ©. (Quà © also functions elsewhere as other parts of speech, most often as a pronoun.) When used that way, quà © can be followed by a noun, adjective, an adjective followed by a noun, or an adverb followed by a verb. When it is followed by a noun, an article is not used before the noun. Some examples:  ¡Quà © lstima! (What a shame!) ¡Quà © problema! (What a problem!) ¡Quà © vista! (What a view!) ¡Quà © bonita! (How cute!) ¡Quà © difà ­cil! (How difficult!) ¡Quà © aburrido! (How tedious!) ¡Quà © fuerte hombre! (What a strong man!) ¡Quà © feo perro! (What an ugly dog!) ¡Quà © lejos est la escuela! (The school is so far away!) ¡Quà © maravillosamente toca la guitarra! (How beautifully she plays the guitar!) ¡Quà © rpido pasa el tiempo! (How time flies!) If you follow the noun after quà © with an adjective, ms or tan is added between the two words:  ¡Quà © vida ms triste! (What a sad life!) ¡Quà © aire ms puro! (What clean air!) ¡Quà © idea tan importante! (What an important idea!) ¡Quà © persona tan feliz! (What a happy person!) Note that the ms or tan doesnt have to be translated directly. When emphasizing quantity or extent, it also is common to begin an exclamation with cunto or one of its variations for number or gender:  ¡Cuntas araà ±as! (What a lot of spiders!) ¡Cunto pelo tienes! (What a head of hair you have!) ¡Cunta mantequilla! (What a lot of butter!) ¡Cunto hambre hay en esta ciudad! (What a lot of hunger there is in this city!) ¡Cunto he estudiado! (I studied a lot!) ¡Cunto te quiero mucho! (I love you a lot!) Finally, exclamations arent limited to the above forms; it isnt even necessary to have a complete sentence.  ¡No puedo creerlo! (I cant believe it!) ¡No! (No!) ¡Policà ­a! (Police!) ¡Es imposible! (Its impossible!) ¡Ay! (Ouch!) ¡Es mà ­o! (Its mine!) ¡Ayuda! (Help!) ¡Eres loca! (Youre crazy!) Using Exclamation Points Although this rule is commonly violated in informal Spanish, especially in social media, Spanish exclamation marks always come in pairs, an inverted or upside-down exclamation point to open the exclamation and a standard exclamation point to end it. The use of such paired exclamation marks is straightforward when an exclamation stands alone, as in all the examples above, but it gets more complicated when only part of a sentence is exclamatory. The upside-down exclamation mark doesnt exist in languages other than Spanish and Galician, a minority language of Spain. When an exclamation is introduced by other words, the exclamation points surround only the exclamation, which isnt capitalized. Roberto,  ¡me encanta el pelo! (Roberto, I love your hair!)i gano el premio,  ¡yupi! (If I win the prize, yippee!) But when other words follow the exclamation, they are included inside the exclamation marks.  ¡Me encanto el pelo, Roberto! (I love your hair, Roberto.)Yupi si gano el premio! (Yippee if I win the prize!) If you have several short connected exclamations in a row, they can be treated as separate sentences or they can be separated with commas or semicolons. If theyre separated by commas or semicolons, the exclamations after the first arent capitalized.  ¡Hemos ganado!,  ¡guau!,  ¡me sorprende!(We won! Wow! Im surprised!) Special Uses of Exclamation Marks To indicate strong emphasis, you can use up to three consecutive exclamation points. The number of marks before and after the exclamation should match. Although such use of multiple exclamation points isnt used in standard English, it is acceptable in Spanish.  ¡Ã‚ ¡Ã‚ ¡No lo quiero!!! (I dont want it!) ¡Ã‚ ¡Quà © asco!! (Thats disgusting!) As in informal English, a single exclamation mark can be placed within parentheses to indicate that something is surprising. Mi tà ­o tiene 43 (!) coches. (My uncle has 43 (!) cars.)La doctora se durmià ³ (!) durante la operacià ³n. (The doctor fell asleep (!) during the operation.) An exclamation mark can be combined with a question mark when a sentence expresses incredulity or otherwise combines elements of emphasis and questioning. The order doesnt matter, although the sentence should begin and end with the same type of mark.  ¡Ã‚ ¿Pedro dijo quà ©?! (Pedro said what?) ¿!Viste Catarina en la jaula!? (You saw Catarina in jail?) Key Takeaways As in English, exclamations in Spanish are sentences, phrases, or even single words that are especially forceful.It is common for Spanish exclamation to begin with quà © or a form of cunto.Spanish exclamations begin with an inverted exclamation mark.